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The Structure And Use Of The Vocal Organs, And The Means Of Securing Distinct Articulation.

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	CHAPTER V.
	THE AKTICULATORY APPARATUS. 36.    Articulation and Pronunciation. — Strictly speaking the term articulation should be applied to those movements of the articulatory apparatus whereby the outgoing vibrating air is either completely or partially stopped and consonants are produced; it will be more convenient to make it as a heading to include pro­nunciation, by which is meant the moulding of the shape of the articulatory apparatus for the vowels. The ap­paratus is common to both, but pronunciation is engaged in vowel sounds and articulation in consonant sounds; in fact consonants are by some writers well named articu­lations. 37.  Resonating Chamber. — The Articulatory Ap­paratus consists of the Pharynx, the Mouth, and the Nose. These together with the chest form the part of the vocal apparatus called the Resonating Chamber. The resonating chamber provides the harmonics and partials, which, added to the original note produced by the vibration of the vocal cords, give the tone colour to the voice; in order to get these extra vibrations, the vibrating column of air must be placed upon the bony roof of the mouth, or nose, or both, for muscles cannot be made to vibrate in answer to 28